1. Phnom Penh – Where History Meets Modern Charm

Phnom Penh, the capital and largest city of Cambodia, is a vibrant hub known for its rich history, cultural diversity, and bustling atmosphere. As Cambodia’s primary gateway for international tourists, it is often the first destination for visitors eager to explore the country’s heritage. Renowned for its spiritual and cultural landmarks, Phnom Penh offers a perfect balance of historical intrigue and modern energy.

 

 

Often referred to as the “Pearl of Asia,” Phnom Penh is celebrated for its well-preserved early 20th-century French colonial architecture, including stunning Art Deco structures. Along with Siem Reap and Sihanoukville, it stands as one of Cambodia’s top domestic and international tourist destinations.

Founded in 1372, the city has a long and storied past. It became the national capital in 1434 after the fall of Angkor, holding this status until 1497. The city was reinstated as the capital in 1865 during the French colonial era, marking the beginning of its transformation into the cosmopolitan city it is today. Visitors can still see remnants of this colonial past in the grand buildings lining Phnom Penh’s major boulevards, providing a glimpse into its historical significance.

 

2. Phnom Penh International Airport – Your Gateway to Cambodia

2.1 Overview of Phnom Penh International Airport

Phnom Penh International Airport (PNH) is Cambodia’s busiest airport, located about 10 km west of the city center. It is the primary gateway for international travelers visiting Phnom Penh and other parts of Cambodia. The airport features two terminal buildings—one for domestic flights and one for international operations. It underwent major renovations in 2016–2017, doubling its capacity to handle up to 5 million passengers annually. Modern facilities include aerobridges, expanded check-in counters, baggage handling systems, retail shops, and VIP lounges​

 

2.2 Entry Requirements and Tips for First-Time Visitors

Travelers entering Cambodia via Phnom Penh Airport need a passport valid for at least six months beyond their stay. Most visitors require a visa, which can be obtained online (e-visa) or on arrival. It is advisable to check specific requirements for your nationality beforehand.

Upon arrival, immigration and customs procedures typically take 20–30 minutes. After clearing immigration, collect your baggage and proceed through customs, which monitors prohibited items such as weapons, narcotics, and some agricultural products. For a smooth experience, travellers have to ensure your documents are in order and avoid carrying restricted items. It’s recommended to arrive at the airport at least two hours before your departing flight for check-in and security formalities​.

 

2.3 Domestic Transport in Phnom Penh

In Phnom Penh, which is a Southeast Asian country, the most popular vehicle is still the motorbike, but to have unique experiences, visitors can experience some of the following vehicles when traveling. However, visitors should consider trip length as well as travel distance to ensure health and safety.

 

 

• Tuk-Tuks: The most popular and affordable way to get around Phnom Penh. Prices range from $2-$5 for short distances, and they are readily available in tourist areas.
• Private Cars: Rideshare apps like Grab or local taxis offer private transportation. Prices vary based on distance but start at $5.
• Motorbike Rentals: Renting a motorbike costs around $7-$10/day for exploring the city independently.
• Buses: Public buses are limited in number but offer an affordable option for specific routes. Fares are usually under $1.
• Trains: The train service from Phnom Penh primarily connects to other parts of Cambodia, such as Sihanoukville. These journeys take several hours and operate a few times a week.

 

2.4 Traveling to Phnom Penh

To have a trip to Phnom Penh, it is most convenient for tourists to choose to go to Phnom Penh by plane. Some flight routes from different  locations that tourists can consider:

From Singapore:

• Flights: Direct flights from Singapore to Phnom Penh take approximately 2 hours and 10 minutes. Airlines like Singapore Airlines, Jetstar, and Cambodia Angkor Air operate daily flights.
• Layover options: Connecting flights via Bangkok or Ho Chi Minh City are also available but take longer.

From Vietnam:

• Flights: Direct flights from Ho Chi Minh City to Phnom Penh take 1 hour. Airlines such as Vietnam Airlines and Cambodia Angkor Air provide these services.
• Buses: A bus ride from Ho Chi Minh City to Phnom Penh takes about 6-7 hours, with tickets priced around $26-$28. Frequent services are offered throughout the day​

From Other Countries:

For convenience of travel, tourists from European and American countries can choose to fly to the following locations and then fly to Cambodia in case there is no direct flight from the tourist’s country to Cambodia. Currently, Cambodia has direct flights to Phnom Penh International Airport (PNH) from many countries, mainly in Asia and the Middle East. Direct connections are available from major hubs like Bangkok (Thailand), Kuala Lumpur (Malaysia), Singapore, Hanoi and Ho Chi Minh City (Vietnam), Seoul (South Korea), and Dubai (UAE). Airlines such as Cambodia Angkor Air, Bangkok Airways, and AirAsia operate these routes. Below are other places travellerscan fly to Phnom Penh, consider including these places in your travel itinerary when visiting Phnom Penh: 

• Thailand: Bangkok offers direct flights to Phnom Penh, taking 1.5 hours. Bus options via Poipet border crossing are also available.
• Malaysia: Kuala Lumpur to Phnom Penh direct flights take about 2 hours.
• China and South Korea: Several flights connect major cities like Beijing, Shanghai, and Seoul to Phnom Penh in approximately 4-6 hours, depending on the departure city.

 

2.5 How Long from Siem Reap to Phnom Penh?

Asia Viva Travel received many requests to develop tour programs for two locations, Phnom Penh and Siem Riep, for convenient transportation, visitors can consider traveling from Phnom Penh to Siem Riep by choosing from various options catering to different budgets, schedules, and travel preferences.

Find more ìnormation from the blog article on how to travel to SiemRiep to visit Angkor Wat.

 

3. What to Do in Phnom Penh: Unmissable Experiences in Cambodia’s Capital

When traveling to Phnom Penh, visitors will be very surprised because there are many activities to explore and learn about. From places to learn about culture to places to shop for local specialties. Furthermore, Cambodia always impresses visitors with the image of friendly and hospitable people. Some activities and places that tourists can refer and decide what to do in Phnom Penh: 

 

3.1 Visit the Royal Palace – A Glimpse of Cambodia’s Royal Heritage

One of the places that travellers must definitely visit is the Cambodian royal palace. Each royal family of a country will have different ways of ruling and living with different cultures. To understand the Cambodian royal family, visitors should visit the Royal Palace of Cambodia because this was once the living and working place of the King of Cambodia.

 

 

This special destination includes two areas: the Emerald Buddha Pagoda area, the second is the palace area – where the king lives and works.

Currently, the royal palace has become a tourist destination in Phnom Penh that is extremely attractive to tourists because of its extremely splendid beauty in every corner. Among them, a typical example is the Emerald Buddha Pagoda, also known as the Silver Pagoda, which is lined with thousands of silver tiles and the Buddha statue is studded with more than 2,000 precious diamonds.

 

3.2 Discover the Tuol Sleng Genocide Museum – Remembering Cambodia’s Past

Considered one of the interesting destinations to learn more about Cambodian history, Tuol Sleng Museum is a museum showing the genocide of the Khmer Rouge. Coming here, visitors will experience the true hell on earth that the Khmer Rouge tortured people, making visitors spare sympathy and shed tears.

 

 

3.3 Stroll Through the Russian Market – A Shopper’s Paradise

Russian Market, locally known as Psar Tuol Tom Pong, is one of the famous destinations in Phnom Penh. The name “Russian Market” comes from the 1980s, when this place was a selling point for products from the Soviet Union and Eastern European countries. Many goods at that time had labels in Russian, Polish, German, etc., making foreigners often think that this was a market specializing in selling Russian goods, and this name gradually became popular even though the goods have changed now. ​. Today’s Russian Market attracts tourists because of its diversity of goods from handicrafts, clothes, accessories to fresh food and souvenirs. This is also the ideal place to explore the daily life of Cambodian people through the bustle of stalls and interaction with sellers.

 

 

In addition, although this is a famous place for shopping, at Toul Tom Poung Market visitors can also try coffee here which is considered the best in Cambodia.

 

3.4 Visit Wat Phnom – The Sacred Heart of the City

As a country well-known for spiritual tourism, in addition to the very famous Angkor Wat, in Phnom Penh, visitors can visit another temple, Wat Phnom Temple. It is considered the cradle of Phnom Penh. Perched on a hill and surrounded by lush greenery, Wat Phnom offers a tranquil escape from the bustling capital. Especially, at a height of 27m, this is the highest place in the capital, travellers can enjoy a panoramic view of Phnom Penh city when standing at the top of Wat Phnom temple.

Visitors can admire its traditional Khmer architecture, sacred stupas, and peaceful grounds while immersing themselves in Cambodian history and spirituality. This is a sacred temple. If travellers pray sincerely, travellers can achieve your wishes. That is why Wat Phnom temple attracts pilgrims from all over the country and is a tourist attraction when traveling to this country.

 

 

3.5 Discover the Rich History of Cambodia at the National Museum

The National Museum of Cambodia is a perfect destination for visitors seeking to immerse themselves in the rich history of the Khmer civilization. If travellers want to gain an overview of Cambodia’s entire history, this museum is the place to be. It houses over half a million artifacts, spanning from the ancient Kingdom of Funan (pre-Angkor) to the magnificent Angkor Wat era, dating from the 4th to the 13th century. The collection includes religious artifacts, sculptures, and artwork, each telling the story of Cambodia’s evolution.

A visit to the museum offers a calm and quiet atmosphere, allowing travellersto explore at your own pace. Unlike bustling tourist sites, the museum provides a peaceful environment where travellerscan reflect on and absorb the significance of the exhibits. Whether you’re a history enthusiast or simply someone looking for a thoughtful experience, the National Museum is an excellent choice to deepen your understanding of the Khmer people and their cultural heritage.

 

3.6 Enjoy a Sunset Cruise on the Mekong River

A sunset cruise along the Mekong River in Phnom Penh is a serene and unforgettable experience. As the sun dips below the horizon, the city’s skyline glows with warm, golden hues, offering a picturesque view of landmarks like the Royal Palace and Wat Phnom. The gentle river breeze and the soothing sound of water create a relaxing atmosphere, perfect for unwinding after a busy day of exploration. Many cruises offer refreshments, including local delicacies and cocktails, allowing guests to indulge while taking in the beauty of the Mekong. It’s an ideal way to witness Phnom Penh’s charm from a unique perspective and enjoy the tranquil rhythm of life along the river.

 

 

4. Phnom Penh Travel Tips – Make the Most of Your Visit

4.1 Best Times to Visit Phnom Penh

The weather in Cambodia has two distinct seasons: the rainy season and the dry season. And the most reasonable time to visit Phnom Penh tourist destinations is usually when the weather is dry and cool from November to May.

Or if travellershave heard about famous festivals in Cambodia and want to try them, travellerscan refer to the following schedule:

• April 13 – 15: Chol Chnam Thmay Festival – Traditional New Year;
• April 13 – 15 every year: Bom Chaul Chnam Water Festival;
• November 24 – 26 every year: Boating festival;

 

 

4.2 Local Etiquette and Culture in Phnom Penh 

Phnom Penh, the capital of Cambodia, is a vibrant city with rich cultural and spiritual significance.As the capital of Cambodia, in Phnom Penh, there are no overly strict rules about gestures or etiquette, here are some key points to ensure a smooth and memorable visit:

Dress Modestly for Spiritual Sites

Phnom Penh is home to numerous temples and historical landmarks. When visiting sacred places like the Royal Palace or Wat Phnom:

• Visitors should avoid wearing short skirts, shorts, or sleeveless tops. When entering temples, pagodas,.. Visitors should check again that clothes can cover your shoulders and knees. The weather in Phnom Penh can be quite hot, so pack light, breathable clothing and comfortable shoes, as you’ll likely walk a lot during your explorations.
• Visitors should take off hats or sunglasses when entering temples, pagodas,..

Show Respect for Monks and Religious Practices

Buddhism plays a central role in Cambodian culture, and showing respect is essential:

• Visitors should avoid touching monks, especially if you’re a woman, please pay respect to monks. 
• Visitors should remove  shoes before entering temples and dress appropriately.

Mind Your Gestures

• Greetings: Use the traditional Cambodian greeting, the “sampeah,” with hands pressed together and a slight bow.
• Head and Feet: The head is considered sacred, so avoid touching anyone’s head. Conversely, avoid pointing your feet at people or religious objects, as feet are seen as the lowest part of the body.

Gift-Giving Etiquette

When giving or receiving gifts, use both hands as a sign of respect. Avoid gifts like knives or scissors, which symbolize conflict.

In addition, in Phnom Penh, as well as some other Southeast Asian cities, giving tips for services is not mandatory, unless tourists need it and feel that the service they used is very worthy of the amount of money spent. If visitors want to thank the staff or tour guide, travellers can tip in cash or a small item or food.

Public Displays of Affection

Public displays of affection, such as kissing or hugging, are generally frowned upon, especially in more traditional areas of Phnom Penh. It’s best to keep affection private.

Language and Currency

• The official currency is the Cambodian Riel (KHR), but the US dollar (USD) is widely accepted, particularly in Phnom Penh.
• Khmer is the official language, but English is commonly spoken in tourist areas. For easier communication and a deeper understanding of the city’s history, consider hiring a local tour guide.

By keeping these tips in mind, you’ll not only avoid misunderstandings but also gain a richer appreciation of Phnom Penh’s culture and traditions. Enjoy your journey!

Conclusion

Phnom Penh is a city where the past and present intertwine in a captivating blend of history, culture, and vibrant urban life. From the awe-inspiring grandeur of the Royal Palace and Wat Phnom Temple to the sobering reminders of Cambodia’s recent history at sites like the Killing Fields, the capital offers a wealth of experiences that leave a lasting impression. The bustling streets, lively markets, and riverfront promenades reflect the energy and spirit of this rapidly evolving city.

By exploring Phnom Penh, travellers not only witness the rich cultural heritage of the Khmer people but also get to experience the dynamic energy of a city that’s embracing the future while respecting its past. Whether it’s discovering ancient artifacts at the National Museum, enjoying a sunset cruise along the Mekong River, or simply wandering through the city’s lively streets, Phnom Penh offers unforgettable experiences that make it truly unique. So, don’t just visit – immerse yourself in the local life and let Phnom Penh surprise travellers at every turn!

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